General English - Ii

In many countries the legal systems are very complex. This is because they have been developed over many long times. Every time that a new case is decided it can have an affect on future cases. This means that the people who work in legal situations have to be clever. They have to know and understand all the rules and precedents. A precedent is when a previous decision will have an effect on future cases as it was related to an important point. There are many people who work with the law, such as solicitors or judges. A solicitor is a lawyer who spends time advising their clients and preparing legal documents, such as wills or contracts for buying and selling houses. They need to be very careful and make sure that all the details are correct, otherwise their clients might lose a lot of money.

A barrister is a type of lawyer who works in court rooms. They will either work for the prosecution or defence sides. If they are a prosecution lawyer they are trying to prove that the defendant committed a crime. They have to present evidence to show that the defendant is guilty. If they are a defence lawyer they then work for the defendant and have to show that the evidence presented is not enough to prove that their client is guilty and he should be judged to be not guilty.

Then there are judges and magistrates. A magistrate will hear trials about less serious crimes, while a judge's will be about more serious crimes. These are the people who have to decide what punishment will be given to some one who is guilty. The trail happens in the judge's courtroom, so is the judge is responsible for making sure the trial is run fairly and follow the law.

Then there are appeal judges who are the most experienced judges in a country, so they know a lot about the law and how to apply it.

Answer the following questions :

1. What do lawyers have to do?
2. What could happen if a solicitor makes a mistake?
3. What does a defence lawyer have to do?
4. What is the difference between a barrister and a solicitor?
5. What makes an appeal judge different?
6. What is the difference between a judge or a magistrate?
7. Who is a presentation lawyer and how is he different from defendant lawyer?
8. What is a precedent?
9. What is legal drafting? How would you prepare legal briefs, explain with example.

It is physically impossible for a well-educated or brave man to make money the chief object of his thoughts, first as it is for him to make his dinner the principal object of them. All healthy people like their dinners, but their dinner is not the main object of their lines. So all healthy minded people like making money ought to like it and enjoy the sensation of winning it, it is something better than money. A good soldier, for instance, mainly writes to do his fighting well. He is glad of his pay very properly so, and justly grumbles when you keep him ten years without it still his main lion of life is to win battles, not to be paid for winning them. So of clergyman object is essentially to baptize and preach, not to be paid for preaching. So of doctors They like fees no doubt-out to like them; yet is they are brave and well educated, the entire object of their lives is a not fee. They, on the whole desire to cure the sick, and if they are good doctors, and the choice were fairly put to them, would rather cure their pateint and lose their fee than kill him and get it.

• (i) Cohesiveness of sentences
• (ii) Possessive pronoun with example
• (iii) Modal verbs
• (iv) Sentence structure

• (a) Protection of human rights
• (b) Importance of uniform civil code in India
• (c) Remedies of Negligence and misinterpretation
• (d) Legal rights of employees in Employment.

Trees are useful to us. They give us timber and firewood. The timber is used to make chairs, tables and other furniture. We get oil from the oil seeds of some trees. The leaves and fruits of some trees are used to prepare medicines.