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Total No. of Questions : 06
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ESS-194
B. Tech. (New Scheme) Examination, 2025
(Sixth Semester)
Microwave Engineering
EL-601
Time : 3 Hours]
[Maximum Marks : 60
Note : Attempt all questions. Q. No. 1 is compulsory. All questions carry equal marks.
Write short notes on the following :
(i) Design consideration for a microwave repeater station.
(ii) Advantages of planar transmission lines.
(iii) Scattering matrices and its applications.
(iv) Compare Line-of-Sight Communication with Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Communication.
Unit I
Explain the operation of a 2-Hole Directional Coupler. Derive in Scattering matrix and discuss Applications of Directional Couplers.
Or
Discuss the limitations of Conventional tubes and how TWT overcomes these limitations in microwave amplification.
Unit II
Explain the principle of operation of an isolator. Discuss about the effective dielectric constants, losses and Q-factor of microstrip lines.
Unit III
With a neat diagram, explain the construction and characteristic of the tunnel diode.
Or
A varactor diode operates at a frequency of 2 GHz with a junction capacitance of 1 pF when reverse biased at 5V. If the reverse bias is increased to 15V, the capacitance reduces to 0.5 pF :
(a) Calculate the capacitance tuning ratio.
(b) Determine the change in resonant frequency of an LC circuit using frequency of an LC circuit using this varacter.
Unit IV
What is a standing wave ? Derive the equation of voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in terms of reflection coefficients.
Or
Compare the working principles, components, and applications of MASERS and LASERS. Provide specific examples to illustrate the differences.
Unit V
Provide a detailed explanation of the operation of frequency demodulators, including Foster-Seeley and ratio detectors, and their applications in microwave communication.
Or
A communication system operates at 3 GHz... and the LOC range is determined to be 50 km :
(a) Determine the minimum combine height of the antennas required to achieve this range.
(b) If both antennas have equal heights find the height of each antenna.